Egon Krenz’in Devlet Konseyi’nin Başkanı olarak atanmasına karşı 24 Ekim 1989’da, Doğu Berlin’de Devlet Konseyi binası önünde yapılan protesto.
Quelle: picture-alliance/dpa/Wolfgang Kumm

Yuvarlak Masa ve hükümet

7 Kasım 1989’da Demokratik Almanya Cumhuriyeti (DDR) hükümeti görevinden istifa ediyor. On gün sonra Hans Modrow’un Başbakanlığı altında yeni Bakanlar Kurulu görevine başlıyor. Bu hükümette de bakanların çoğu Sosyalist Birlik Partisi’nden.

Tam bir ay sonra „Merkez Yuvarlak Masa“ ilk kez toplanıyor. „Merkez Yuvarlak Masa“, devlet partisiyle pazarlığa oturmak isteyen muhalif gruplar tarafından örgütleniyor. „Yuvarlak Masa“nın aldığı ilk kararlardan birisi, Devlet Güvenlik Bakanlığı’nın tamamen feshedilmesi kararı. Bu karar, Modrow’un göreve geldikten sonra yaptığı ilk işlerinden birinin, Devlet Güvenlik Bakanlığı’nın ismini değiştirmek ve küçültüleceğini ilan etmek olduğu halde alınıyor. Aralık ortasında SED, iktidarın en önemli ayağını kurtarmak için yeni bir girişimde bulunuyor. Şimdi iki gizli servis kurulmalıymış: Biri anayasa koruma örgütü ve diğeri yurt dışı istihbarat örgütü.

Bu plan engelleniyor. „Merkez Yuvarlak Masa“daki muhalefetin temsilcileri bir ultimatom çekiyor, halk da miting ve grevlerle uygulanan basıncı yükseltiyor. Modrow, Ocak 1990’da bu girişiminden vazgeçiyor. Modrow, yurttaş hareketlerine ve partilere, hükümette yer almak üzere, temsilciler göndermeleri teklifini getiriyor.

After the resignation of the GDR Council of Ministers on 7 November 1989, Hans Modrow’s (front row, 6th from r.) new government held its first session on 18 November. Of a total of 28 ministers, 16 were members of the SED and the others of the bloc parties, the old instruments of the SED.
Quelle: ullstein bild/Bildarchiv
On 6 February 1989 the opposition trade union Solidarnosc in Poland forced the first government of an Eastern Bloc state to sit at a round table. After that the round table became the negotiating instrument between opposition movements and communist rulers in almost all Eastern European states.
Quelle: AP-Photo
Doğu Berlin’de, 7 Aralık 1989’da „Merkez Yuvarlak Masa“nın ilk toplantısı. Büyük bir kamuoyunun gözleri önünde, yeni kurulan hareket ve partilerin temsilcileri dört ay boyunca, eski iktidar aygıtının temsilcileriyle sıkı pazarlıklar yürütüyorlar. „Merkez Yuvarlak Masa“, DDR’nin demokratikleşmesi için önemli ön koşulları yaratıyor.
Quelle: Robert-Havemann-Gesellschaft/Rolf Walter
The first three meetings of the Central Round Table in December 1989 took place in the Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Haus. The opposition wanted to bring the protests from the streets to the negotiating table to aid its success. Church representatives mediated in the negotiations.
Quelle: Rolf Zöllner
During a session of the People’s Chamber in the Palace of the Republic on 11 January 1990, Berlin construction workers demonstrated in front of the building. They came out in support of the demand by the new movements and parties at the Central Round Table to completely dissolve the Stasi.
Quelle: picture-alliance/dpa/ADN
On the second day the People’s Chamber was in session, people demonstrated again in front of the venue of the meeting, the Palace of the Republic. This time it was Berlin taxi drivers circling the building repeatedly and sounding their horns loudly, while inside Hans Modrow gave up his proposal to form new secret services.
Quelle: picture-alliance/dpa/Thomas Wattenberg
The attempt by Modrow’s government to establish the Stasi under a new guise was forcibly rejected by the people. Representatives of the newly founded movements and parties presented Hans Modrow with an ultimatum on 8 January 1990. He had to accept responsibility at the Central Round Table and give up his project.
Quelle: Rolf Zöllner
On 15 January 1990 Prime Minister Hans Modrow attended the Central Round Table and reported. He invited the opposition to participate in the government: “It is a matter of particular concern to me that the government remains able to act.”
Quelle: picture-alliance/dpa/ADN
During the Round Table meeting on 15 January 1990, news broke that demonstrators were attempting to storm the Stasi headquarters in East Berlin. Hans Modrow (m.) rushed to the scene of the action and attempted to intervene and smooth things over. The headquarters were occupied nevertheless, marking the fall of the last power bastion of the SED.
Quelle: |ullstein bild/Spiegel
On 7 December 1989 the participants agreed to this “view of their role”: the Central Round Table was not to perform governmental functions but to be “an integral part of public monitoring”. In the course of its activity, however, it did in fact play a role in government by drafting bills, for instance.
Quelle: Robert-Havemann-Gesellschaft
Muhalif gruplar haftalardır, Polonya örneğinde olduğu gibi, „Yuvarlak Masa“yı toplamaya çalışıyorlar. Tek tek hareket ve partilerin temsilcilerinden oluşan „İletişim Grubu“, bu amacı, 10 Kasım 1989 tarihli ortak bir açıklamayla duyuruyor. Kısa süre sonra somut olarak hazırlıklar başlıyor.
Quelle: Privatarchiv Martin Gutzeit
The SED still had its gigantic power structure, enormous financial and technical means, plus it had the majority in the Council of Ministers. By founding two new secret services, the Council of Ministers under Modrow attempted to save the structures of the old secret police.
Quelle: Robert-Havemann-Gesellschaft
On 5 February 1990, following difficult negotiations, eight representatives of the new movements and parties were appointed as ministers in the “Government of National Responsibility”. They ventured this step in order to prevent the collapse of the country.
Quelle: Robert-Havemann-Geselslchaft
The round table as a general authority for conflict resolution also became established as a means of dealing with specific types of problems. For example, there was a round table for military policy, a round table for feminist politics, a round table for the construction minister and a green round table.
Quelle: Robert-Havemann-Gesellschaft
The round table as a general authority for conflict resolution also became established as a means of dealing with specific types of problems. For example, there was a round table for military policy, a round table for feminist politics, a round table for the construction minister and a green round table.
Quelle: Robert-Havemann-Gesellschaft
Blog aufrufen
Kontakte aufrufen
zum Seitenanfang
Print this page